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Graph Theory » Topological G.T. » Drawings

Universal point sets for planar graphs ★★★

Author(s): Mohar

We say that a set $ P \subseteq {\mathbb R}^2 $ is $ n $-universal if every $ n $ vertex planar graph can be drawn in the plane so that each vertex maps to a distinct point in $ P $, and all edges are (non-intersecting) straight line segments.

Question   Does there exist an $ n $-universal set of size $ O(n) $?

Keywords: geometric graph; planar graph; universal set

Posted by mdevos
updated May 22nd, 2007
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Graph Theory » Coloring » Nowhere-zero flows

Antichains in the cycle continuous order ★★

Author(s): DeVos

If $ G $,$ H $ are graphs, a function $ f : E(G) \rightarrow E(H) $ is called cycle-continuous if the pre-image of every element of the (binary) cycle space of $ H $ is a member of the cycle space of $ G $.

Problem   Does there exist an infinite set of graphs $ \{G_1,G_2,\ldots \} $ so that there is no cycle continuous mapping between $ G_i $ and $ G_j $ whenever $ i \neq j $ ?

Keywords: antichain; cycle; poset

Posted by mdevos
updated May 12th, 2007
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Geometry » Polytopes

Fat 4-polytopes ★★★

Author(s): Eppstein; Kuperberg; Ziegler

The fatness of a 4-polytope $ P $ is defined to be $ (f_1 + f_2)/(f_0 + f_3) $ where $ f_i $ is the number of faces of $ P $ of dimension $ i $.

Question   Does there exist a fixed constant $ c $ so that every convex 4-polytope has fatness at most $ c $?

Keywords: f-vector; polytope

Posted by mdevos
updated May 12th, 2007
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Graph Theory » Topological G.T. » Crossing numbers

The Crossing Number of the Complete Bipartite Graph ★★★

Author(s): Turan

The crossing number $ cr(G) $ of $ G $ is the minimum number of crossings in all drawings of $ G $ in the plane.

Conjecture   $ \displaystyle cr(K_{m,n}) = \floor{\frac m2} \floor{\frac {m-1}2} \floor{\frac n2} \floor{\frac {n-1}2} $

Keywords: complete bipartite graph; crossing number

Posted by Robert Samal
updated May 11th, 2007
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Graph Theory » Directed Graphs

Woodall's Conjecture ★★★

Author(s): Woodall

Conjecture   If $ G $ is a directed graph with smallest directed cut of size $ k $, then $ G $ has $ k $ disjoint dijoins.

Keywords: digraph; packing

Posted by mdevos
updated April 5th, 2007
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Graph Theory » Coloring » Homomorphisms

Pentagon problem ★★★

Author(s): Nesetril

Question   Let $ G $ be a 3-regular graph that contains no cycle of length shorter than $ g $. Is it true that for large enough~$ g $ there is a homomorphism $ G \to C_5 $?

Keywords: cubic; homomorphism

Posted by Robert Samal
updated March 24th, 2007
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Graph Theory » Hypergraphs

Ryser's conjecture ★★★

Author(s): Ryser

Conjecture   Let $ H $ be an $ r $-uniform $ r $-partite hypergraph. If $ \nu $ is the maximum number of pairwise disjoint edges in $ H $, and $ \tau $ is the size of the smallest set of vertices which meets every edge, then $ \tau \le (r-1) \nu $.

Keywords: hypergraph; matching; packing

Posted by mdevos
updated March 19th, 2007
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Graph Theory » Extremal G.T.

The Erdös-Hajnal Conjecture ★★★

Author(s): Erdos; Hajnal

Conjecture   For every fixed graph $ H $, there exists a constant $ \delta(H) $, so that every graph $ G $ without an induced subgraph isomorphic to $ H $ contains either a clique or an independent set of size $ |V(G)|^{\delta(H)} $.

Keywords: induced subgraph

Posted by mdevos
updated March 18th, 2007
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Graph Theory » Algebraic G.T.

Hamiltonian paths and cycles in vertex transitive graphs ★★★

Author(s): Lovasz

Problem   Does every connected vertex-transitive graph have a Hamiltonian path?

Keywords: cycle; hamiltonian; path; vertex-transitive

Posted by mdevos
updated March 18th, 2007
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Graph Theory » Algebraic G.T.

57-regular Moore graph? ★★★

Author(s): Hoffman; Singleton

Question   Does there exist a 57-regular graph with diameter 2 and girth 5?

Keywords: cage; Moore graph

Posted by mdevos
updated March 18th, 2007
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Number Theory » Combinatorial N.T.

Few subsequence sums in Z_n x Z_n ★★

Author(s): Bollobas; Leader

Conjecture   For every $ 0 \le t \le n-1 $, the sequence in $ {\mathbb Z}_n^2 $ consisting of $ n-1 $ copes of $ (1,0) $ and $ t $ copies of $ (0,1) $ has the fewest number of distinct subsequence sums over all zero-free sequences from $ {\mathbb Z}_n^2 $ of length $ n-1+t $.

Keywords: subsequence sum; zero sum

Posted by mdevos
updated March 10th, 2007
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Number Theory » Combinatorial N.T.

Olson's Conjecture ★★

Author(s): Olson

Conjecture   If $ a_1,a_2,\ldots,a_{2n-1} $ is a sequence of elements from a multiplicative group of order $ n $, then there exist $ 1 \le j_1 < j_2 \ldots < j_n \le 2n-1 $ so that $ \prod_{i=1}^n a_{j_i} = 1 $.

Keywords: zero sum

Posted by mdevos
updated March 10th, 2007
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Graph Theory » Basic G.T. » Minors

Jorgensen's Conjecture ★★★

Author(s): Jorgensen

Conjecture   Every 6-connected graph without a $ K_6 $ minor is apex (planar plus one vertex).

Keywords: connectivity; minor

Posted by mdevos
updated March 10th, 2007
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Graph Theory » Basic G.T. » Minors

Highly connected graphs with no K_n minor ★★★

Author(s): Thomas

Problem   Is it true for all $ n \ge 0 $, that every sufficiently large $ n $-connected graph without a $ K_n $ minor has a set of $ n-5 $ vertices whose deletion results in a planar graph?

Keywords: connectivity; minor

Posted by mdevos
updated March 10th, 2007
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Combinatorics » Matrices

The Alon-Tarsi basis conjecture ★★

Author(s): Alon; Linial; Meshulam

Conjecture   If $ B_1,B_2,\ldots B_p $ are invertible $ n \times n $ matrices with entries in $ {\mathbb Z}_p $ for a prime $ p $, then there is a $ n \times (p-1)n $ submatrix $ A $ of $ [B_1 B_2 \ldots B_p] $ so that $ A $ is an AT-base.

Keywords: additive basis; matrix

Posted by mdevos
updated March 8th, 2007
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Combinatorics » Matrices

The permanent conjecture ★★

Author(s): Kahn

Conjecture   If $ A $ is an invertible $ n \times n $ matrix, then there is an $ n \times n $ submatrix $ B $ of $ [A A] $ so that $ perm(B) $ is nonzero.

Keywords: invertible; matrix; permanent

Posted by mdevos
updated March 8th, 2007
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Combinatorics » Matrices

The additive basis conjecture ★★★

Author(s): Jaeger; Linial; Payan; Tarsi

Conjecture   For every prime $ p $, there is a constant $ c(p) $ (possibly $ c(p)=p $) so that the union (as multisets) of any $ c(p) $ bases of the vector space $ ({\mathbb Z}_p)^n $ contains an additive basis.

Keywords: additive basis; matrix

Posted by mdevos
updated March 8th, 2007
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Combinatorics » Matrices

A nowhere-zero point in a linear mapping ★★★

Author(s): Jaeger

Conjecture   If $ {\mathbb F} $ is a finite field with at least 4 elements and $ A $ is an invertible $ n \times n $ matrix with entries in $ {\mathbb F} $, then there are column vectors $ x,y \in {\mathbb F}^n $ which have no coordinates equal to zero such that $ Ax=y $.

Keywords: invertible; nowhere-zero flow

Posted by mdevos
updated March 8th, 2007
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Graph Theory » Basic G.T. » Connectivity

Partitioning edge-connectivity ★★

Author(s): DeVos

Question   Let $ G $ be an $ (a+b+2) $-edge-connected graph. Does there exist a partition $ \{A,B\} $ of $ E(G) $ so that $ (V,A) $ is $ a $-edge-connected and $ (V,B) $ is $ b $-edge-connected?

Keywords: edge-coloring; edge-connectivity

Posted by mdevos
updated March 7th, 2007
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Graph Theory » Coloring » Edge coloring

Acyclic edge-colouring ★★

Author(s): Fiamcik

Conjecture   Every simple graph with maximum degree $ \Delta $ has a proper $ (\Delta+2) $-edge-colouring so that every cycle contains edges of at least three distinct colours.

Keywords: edge-coloring

Posted by mdevos
updated March 7th, 2007
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