Monochromatic reachability or rainbow triangles ★★★

Author(s): Sands; Sauer; Woodrow

In an edge-colored digraph, we say that a subgraph is rainbow if all its edges have distinct colors, and monochromatic if all its edges have the same color.

Problem   Let $ G $ be a tournament with edges colored from a set of three colors. Is it true that $ G $ must have either a rainbow directed cycle of length three or a vertex $ v $ so that every other vertex can be reached from $ v $ by a monochromatic (directed) path?

Keywords: digraph; edge-coloring; tournament

The Hodge Conjecture ★★★★

Author(s): Hodge

Conjecture   Let $ X $ be a complex projective variety. Then every Hodge class is a rational linear combination of the cohomology classes of complex subvarieties of $ X $.

Keywords: Hodge Theory; Millenium Problems