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Graph Theory

Vertex Coloring of graph fractional powers ★★★

Author(s): Iradmusa

Conjecture   Let $ G $ be a graph and $ k $ be a positive integer. The $ k- $power of $ G $, denoted by $ G^k $, is defined on the vertex set $ V(G) $, by connecting any two distinct vertices $ x $ and $ y $ with distance at most $ k $. In other words, $ E(G^k)=\{xy:1\leq d_G(x,y)\leq k\} $. Also $ k- $subdivision of $ G $, denoted by $ G^\frac{1}{k} $, is constructed by replacing each edge $ ij $ of $ G $ with a path of length $ k $. Note that for $ k=1 $, we have $ G^\frac{1}{1}=G^1=G $.
Now we can define the fractional power of a graph as follows:
Let $ G $ be a graph and $ m,n\in \mathbb{N} $. The graph $ G^{\frac{m}{n}} $ is defined by the $ m- $power of the $ n- $subdivision of $ G $. In other words $ G^{\frac{m}{n}}\isdef (G^{\frac{1}{n}})^m $.
Conjecture. Let $ G $ be a connected graph with $ \Delta(G)\geq3 $ and $ m $ be a positive integer greater than 1. Then for any positive integer $ n>m $, we have $ \chi(G^{\frac{m}{n}})=\omega(G^\frac{m}{n}) $.
In [1], it was shown that this conjecture is true in some special cases.

Keywords: chromatic number, fractional power of graph, clique number

Posted by Iradmusa
updated July 13th, 2011
1 comment
Graph Theory

Covering powers of cycles with equivalence subgraphs ★

Author(s):

Conjecture   Given $ k $ and $ n $, the graph $ C_{n}^k $ has equivalence covering number $ \Omega(k) $.

Keywords:

Posted by Andrew King
updated July 7th, 2011
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Theoretical Comp. Sci. » Complexity

Complexity of square-root sum ★★

Author(s): Goemans

Question   What is the complexity of the following problem?

Given $ a_1,\dots,a_n; k $, determine whether or not $ \sum_i \sqrt{a_i} \leq k. $

Keywords: semi-definite programming

Posted by abie
updated July 1st, 2011
5 comments
Number Theory » Combinatorial N.T.

Snevily's conjecture ★★★

Author(s): Snevily

Conjecture   Let $ G $ be an abelian group of odd order and let $ A,B \subseteq G $ satisfy $ |A| = |B| = k $. Then the elements of $ A $ and $ B $ may be ordered $ A = \{a_1,\ldots,a_k\} $ and $ B = \{b_1,\ldots,b_k\} $ so that the sums $ a_1+b_1, a_2+b_2 \ldots, a_k + b_k $ are pairwise distinct.

Keywords: addition table; latin square; transversal

Posted by mdevos
updated May 27th, 2011
1 comment
Graph Theory » Coloring » Nowhere-zero flows

3-flow conjecture ★★★

Author(s): Tutte

Conjecture   Every 4-edge-connected graph has a nowhere-zero 3-flow.

Keywords: nowhere-zero flow

Posted by mdevos
updated April 12th, 2011
1 comment
Analysis

Invariant subspace problem ★★★

Author(s):

Problem   Does every bounded linear operator on an infinite-dimensional separable Hilbert space have a non-trivial closed invariant subspace?

Keywords: subspace

Posted by tchow
updated April 11th, 2011
2 comments
Number Theory » Combinatorial N.T.

Sets with distinct subset sums ★★★

Author(s): Erdos

Say that a set $ S \subseteq {\mathbb Z} $ has distinct subset sums if distinct subsets of $ S $ have distinct sums.

Conjecture   There exists a fixed constant $ c $ so that $ |S| \le \log_2(n) + c $ whenever $ S \subseteq \{1,2,\ldots,n\} $ has distinct subset sums.

Keywords: subset sum

Posted by mdevos
updated April 7th, 2011
1 comment
Graph Theory » Directed Graphs

Seymour's Second Neighbourhood Conjecture ★★★

Author(s): Seymour

Conjecture   Any oriented graph has a vertex whose outdegree is at most its second outdegree.

Keywords: Caccetta-Häggkvist; neighbourhood; second; Seymour

Posted by nkorppi
updated March 18th, 2011
5 comments
Group Theory

Which lattices occur as intervals in subgroup lattices of finite groups? ★★★★

Author(s):

Conjecture  

There exists a finite lattice that is not an interval in the subgroup lattice of a finite group.

Keywords: congruence lattice; finite groups

Posted by williamdemeo
updated February 22nd, 2011
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Number Theory

Quartic rationally derived polynomials ★★★

Author(s): Buchholz; MacDougall

Call a polynomial $ p \in {\mathbb Q}[x] $ rationally derived if all roots of $ p $ and the nonzero derivatives of $ p $ are rational.

Conjecture   There does not exist a quartic rationally derived polynomial $ p \in {\mathbb Q}[x] $ with four distinct roots.

Keywords: derivative; diophantine; elliptic; polynomial

Posted by mdevos
updated February 16th, 2011
1 comment
Topology

Nonseparating planar continuum ★★

Author(s):

Conjecture   Does any path-connected, compact set in the plane which does not separate the plane have the fixed point property?

A set has the fixed point property if every continuous map from it into itself has a fixed point.

Keywords: fixed point

Posted by porton
updated February 16th, 2011
1 comment
Topology

Hilbert-Smith conjecture ★★

Author(s): David Hilbert; Paul A. Smith

Conjecture   Let $ G $ be a locally compact topological group. If $ G $ has a continuous faithful group action on an $ n $-manifold, then $ G $ is a Lie group.

Keywords:

Posted by porton
updated February 6th, 2011
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Algebra

trace inequality ★★

Author(s):

Let $ A,B $ be positive semidefinite, by Jensen's inequality, it is easy to see $ [tr(A^s+B^s)]^{\frac{1}{s}}\leq [tr(A^r+B^r)]^{\frac{1}{r}} $, whenever $ s>r>0 $.

What about the $ tr(A^s+B^s)^{\frac{1}{s}}\leq tr(A^r+B^r)^{\frac{1}{r}} $, is it still valid?

Keywords:

Posted by Miwa Lin
updated December 20th, 2010
3 comments
Graph Theory » Coloring » Nowhere-zero flows

Real roots of the flow polynomial ★★

Author(s): Welsh

Conjecture   All real roots of nonzero flow polynomials are at most 4.

Keywords: flow polynomial; nowhere-zero flow

Posted by mdevos
updated December 17th, 2010
2 comments
Graph Theory » Basic G.T. » Cycles

Hamiltonicity of Cayley graphs ★★★

Author(s): Rapaport-Strasser

Question   Is every Cayley graph Hamiltonian?

Keywords:

Posted by tchow
updated December 15th, 2010
4 comments
Algebra

Finite Lattice Representation Problem ★★★★

Author(s):

Conjecture  

There exists a finite lattice which is not the congruence lattice of a finite algebra.

Keywords: congruence lattice; finite algebra

Posted by williamdemeo
updated December 10th, 2010
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Topology

Outer reloid of restricted funcoid ★★

Author(s): Porton

Question   $ ( \mathsf{RLD})_{\mathrm{out}} (f \cap^{\mathsf{FCD}} ( \mathcal{A} \times^{\mathsf{FCD}} \mathcal{B})) = (( \mathsf{RLD})_{\mathrm{out}} f) \cap^{\mathsf{RLD}} ( \mathcal{A} \times^{\mathsf{RLD}} \mathcal{B}) $ for every filter objects $ \mathcal{A} $ and $ \mathcal{B} $ and a funcoid $ f\in\mathsf{FCD}(\mathrm{Src}\,f; \mathrm{Dst}\,f) $?

Keywords: direct product of filters; outer reloid

Posted by porton
updated December 3rd, 2010
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Graph Theory

Star chromatic index of complete graphs ★★

Author(s): Dvorak; Mohar; Samal

Conjecture   Is it possible to color edges of the complete graph $ K_n $ using $ O(n) $ colors, so that the coloring is proper and no 4-cycle and no 4-edge path is using only two colors?

Equivalently: is the star chromatic index of $ K_n $ linear in $ n $?

Keywords: complete graph; edge coloring; star coloring

Posted by Robert Samal
updated November 16th, 2010
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Graph Theory

Star chromatic index of cubic graphs ★★

Author(s): Dvorak; Mohar; Samal

The star chromatic index $ \chi_s'(G) $ of a graph $ G $ is the minimum number of colors needed to properly color the edges of the graph so that no path or cycle of length four is bi-colored.

Question   Is it true that for every (sub)cubic graph $ G $, we have $ \chi_s'(G) \le 6 $?

Keywords: edge coloring; star coloring

Posted by Robert Samal
updated November 16th, 2010
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Number Theory » Analytic N.T.

Lindelöf hypothesis ★★

Author(s): Lindelöf

Conjecture   For any $ \epsilon>0 $ $$\zeta\left(\frac12 + it\right) \mbox{ is }\mathcal{O}(t^\epsilon).$$

Since $ \epsilon $ can be replaced by a smaller value, we can also write the conjecture as, for any positive $ \epsilon $, $$\zeta\left(\frac12 + it\right) \mbox{ is }o(t^\varepsilon).$$

Keywords: Riemann Hypothesis; zeta

Posted by porton
updated September 20th, 2010
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